Scenario Analysis for Basel Ii Operational Risk Management

SCENARIO ANALYSIS FOR BASEL II OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT 1 Introduction: Scenario Analysis for Potential Catastrophic Losses 1 2 Addressing Operational Risk 3 3 Scenario Analysis in a Risk Measurement Framework 5 4 Scenario Analysis in a Risk Management Framework 6 5 Achieving Risk Measurement and Management 6 6 Conclusion: Benefiting from Scenario Analysis 7 1 Introduction: Scenario Analysis for Potential Catastrophic Losses â€Å"Are you saying that you want us to figure out how to lose R50 million?† asked the risk manager for the fund technology and services unit of a large bank. â€Å"Obviously, you have no idea how our funds are managed or what extreme measures we take to make sure that no money is lost.† With a hint of pride in his voice,†¦show more content†¦Financial institutions have always recognized the importance of safeguarding customer data. However, the impact of data compromise has increased substantially as identities have migrated from visual to digital. Scenarios like the ones mentioned above have become significant due to never-before-seen levels of regulatory fines and litigation expenses. The New Basel Capital Accord (Basel II) requires financial institutions to develop a comprehensive loss distribution so that they can more accurately estimate their risk profile and reserve requirements. In particular, Basel II adds operational risk to the traditional categories of credit risk and market risk that are currently used to estimate capital requirements. 2 Addressing Operational Risk By including operational risk in the calculation metrics for the New Capital Accord, Basel II has recognized that credit and market risks are not the only exposures that a bank may face. The complexity of calculating operational risk is, however, compounded by the fact that the internal loss history of a financial institution does not adequately account for all the operational risks and exposures faced by that institution. 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Dr. Avedis Donabedian Developed A Model For Categorizing...

Dr. Avedis Donabedian developed a model for categorizing and measuring the quality of healthcare providing a framework that conceptualized quality in broad terms and classification to measure and assess different aspects of quality in nursing care (Sollecito Johnson, 2013). In the footsteps of Donabedian’s framework, Dr. Beatrice Kalisch developed a model conceptualizing missed nursing care otherwise known as â€Å"unfinished nursing care† or â€Å"care left undone†. Missed nursing care as defined in the Missed Nursing Care Model is any aspect of required patient care that is omitted, either in part or whole, or delayed (Kalisch, Landstrom, Hinshaw, 2009). The structural aspects Kalisch’s model include labor resources, nursing staff, competency level of staff, education and experience, material resources, teamwork and communication. Kalisch model indicates that nurses with recent restricted resources in the nursing process determining clinical priorities is costly making decisions either to delay or omit certain care and is heavily influenced by team perception, nurse judgment, (Missed Nursing Care AHRQ, 2015). Nurse-Sensitive Indicators Studies have shown strong correlations between nurse sensitive indicators or nursing quality indicators and patient outcomes. Nursing sensitive indicators are performance measures that can measure outcomes of nursing care. Nursing indicators can include nursing hours per patient day, patient falls, pressure ulcer prevalence, restraint

Child Labor Laws in Nineteenth Century England free essay sample

This is a research paper based on Child Labor laws in 19th century England the working and living conditions of children then compared to now. This paper covers the evolution of child labor laws from 19th Century England through the present. The author discusses harsh working conditions endured and injuries suffered by children. Cited are specific pieces of legislation and non-profit campaigns aimed at stopping the phenomenon. Child labor in 19th century England was a shameful practice that many of us never look back on. The displaced working classes took it for granted that a family would not be able to support itself if the children were not employed. Therefore, children as young as five years old were working 12 hour shifts for less then 20 dollars a day. The conditions in which these children worked were below standards. It was a long and deadly fight to regulated child labor laws in England during the 19th century. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Labor Laws in Nineteenth Century England or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Today many of us take for granted the regulations on child labor; we act as if this is how it has been since the beginning. What we do not realize is how much child labor has progressed since the 19th century. Three hundred years may sound like a long time but when you consider how life was for a child then and compare it to a childs life today, I think youll begin to come to a better understanding of exactly what we have gone through to get where we are today.

Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Example

Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay Essay Paul Bennet works as portion of the Apostolic Church, now known in New Zealand as the ACTS motion. ACTS covers over 60 churches in New Zealand and has been established since 1934. The ACTS churches provide a bible based, Pentecostal environment for people to turn and link with Jesus Christ. Therefore go and make adherents of all the states, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, and learning them to obey everything I have commanded you. And certainly I am with you ever, even to the terminal of the age. ( P1100, Women s Devotional Bible, NIV ) . What is the ACTS motion making? Planting and edifice Churches committed to populating out the cardinal rules of the Gospel. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Who Does Paul Bennett Work For Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Making an environment for the release of new apostolic enterprises with the accent being on new churches being founded and webs being developed within the apostolic motion. Adding value to local churches so they can be more effectual in making this coevals with the love of God. Partnering together with other ministries so they can be more effectual ( ACTs Movement. 2009 ) . What are the beliefs of the ACTS motion? God is raising an ground forces of laborers who are focused and committed. They have a simple trust in the power and anointment of God. They are ordinary people who believe in an extraordinary God ( ACTs Movement. 2009 ) . What do they populate for? The cause of Jesus Christ. A sense of mission and fate Structure of the ACTS Movement National Leadership Team National Leader Bruce Monk Equippers Church Hawkes Bay Lyle Peninsula Equippers Church Auckland Sam Monk South Life Church Dunedin Paul Bennett Vision Churchs Nick Klindenbery Invercargill Christian Centre Ian Wright Figure 1 National Office Staff Executive Manager Administrator Office Manager Figure 2 South Life Church Mission Statement We are people populating to see many others turn and follow Jesus. SouthLife Church believe that it is non about run intoing up on Lords daies for church services but about sharing their lives during the hebdomad and doing life together ( South Life Church, 2010 ) . Statement of Belief As a church we believe in: The one true and living God who everlastingly exists in three individuals in integrity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit. The Godhead inspiration and authorization of the Holy Scriptures. The original flawlessness of creative activity ; the built-in corruptness of humanity through the Fall ; the necessity of penitence and regeneration by grace and through religion in Christ entirely, and the ageless separation from God of the eventually impenitent. The virgin birth, impeccant life, expiating decease, exultant Resurrection, Ascension and go oning intercession of our Lord Jesus Christ, His 2nd approaching and ageless Kingdom reign. The justification and sanctification of trusters through the finished work of Christ, their security as they remain with Him, and their future Resurrection in an incorruptible organic structure. The sacraments of baptism by submergence and of the Lord s Supper. The baptism of the Holy Spirit for trusters with supernatural marks, authorising the Church for its mission in the universe. The gifts of the Holy Spirit for the edifice up of the Church and ministry to the universe. Christ s leading of the Church through the Ascension ministries of apostles, Prophetss, revivalists, curates and instructors, for the integrity, adulthood and growing of the Church. As taken from www.southlife.org.nz Figure 3 Background on Paul Bennett Leadership Position Senior Pastor in a criterion concern he would be the Chief Executive Officer. Curate Paul has been in his present place since 2001, a sum of nine old ages. Duties Oversing the ministry and pastoral attention in and out of church is the footing of this place. Pastoral attention is about constructing trust and apprehension within the community and administrating to those in demand ( Diocesan School of Girls ) . This is a duty that is shared among staff and it is besides a manner of networking within the community although that is a side benefit. Ministry covers distributing the Gospel, and supervising three folds South Life, Taieri Life and Clutha Life. A batch of clip is spent in run intoing with staff and national squad members that there is an answerability factor to. Staff meetings non merely include work related issues but encompass debriefing Sessionss where advocate is offered in countries of challenge to the person. Curate Paul plots the projections for the undermentioned twelvemonth in countries such as where the church is heading, staffing issues and degrees, capable stuff for discourses and learning subjects. This takes up a batch of clip as does the legion meetings ( Bennett, 2010 ) . Accountability Paul Bennett is straight responsible to the ACTs Movement, there is a supervisor assigned to the church debriefing one time a month. Elders within the church besides meet with Pastor Paul one time a month to travel over fundss and see any suggestions that may be raised. Previous Leadership Roles Previous leading functions include being captain of the football squad, Foreman, freelance with staff, Youth Pastor and Associate Pastor. Curate Paul commented that he has ever been a leader. Leadership Style Curate Paul considers himself to be the Dad , he envelops the sense of a household concern. The penchant is to walk aboard people, nevertheless, he is rather able to call the shootings if need be. He does nt believe in forcing people along in their functions, preferring to discourse and brainstorm. Depending on who he is covering with, his manner of leading can alter, for illustration with one individual he may hold a treatment and make a common determination whereas with person else they may necessitate more way. This manner has been adopted because of Pastor Paul s belief in household. He believes that by following a household type atmosphere the staff will purchase into a greater ownership of their outlooks and duties. Examples of Leadership manner An illustration of where this manner of leading has worked good can be seen in the age group of the church South Life is based in the thick of the pupil country of Dunedin and the fold reflects this as they have an eventide service aiming the pupils specifically which is good attended. Their young person curates are besides a good illustration of the leading manner working good as they treat the church like place and are hold oning leading enthusiastically giving it a spell . Where the leading manner has possibly worked non so good would likely be in Pastor Pauls ain age group and older. This is due possibly to the you ca nt state me what to make and the convince me type attitudes of the older coevalss. The other factor at times is some people merely do nt wish his manner of taking and there is nil that is traveling to alter their heads. The worst incident that could be recalled is where a parishioner ended up shouting at him and doing baseless accusals in the heat of the minute. The Theory of Servant Leadership TDIndustries ( TDI ) believe that servant leaders are active hearers. Their basic values use to all facets of their concern and lives. They are an American installation that specialises in mechanical building ; the company is an first-class illustration of servant leading in action within the profit-making sphere of concern. It is besides based on the same criterions as an administration such as the church. Paul Bennett touched on all facets in some signifier and this adds weight to the belief that this signifier of leading manner works good. Although on the surface Pastor Paul appeared to be a collaborative leader when fiting up the features of servant leading it became clear this was the class that applied ( Gavin A ; Mason, 2004 ) . TDI based their whole concern around this construct and have turned it into a multi-million dollar venture with their ain employees puting to a great extent. TDIndustries Valuess Concern for and belief in Individual Human Beings Valuing Individual Differences Honesty Constructing swearing relationships Fairness Responsible Behaviour High Standards of concern moralss They besides believe in Long-run ends Continuous intense people and development attempts, including significant developing budgets. Investing in tools, equipment and installations that enable us to better carry through their mission. Fig 4 Taken from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tdindustries.com/AboutUs/overview.aspx Contrasting Business Entity When asked if he would make anything otherwise if he was working for a high profile company like MacDonald s, Pastor Paul was rather inexorable that he would non. He believes staff should experience like a portion of the procedure and a portion of the solutions. His belief sees the church as being no different to a concern as ownership is of import. When households represent the parents they try to make good, and Pastor Paul would desire his workers to make the same to hold a sense of ownership and belonging. Environment of Change When asked about how good he deals with issues like altering beliefs ( that is, political rightness ) , altering engineering and statute law Pastor Pauls attitude was comparatively positive. Technology is embraced if there is a benefit to be had out of it and there is person to learn how to utilize it. Political rightness is understood but non ever agreed with, sometimes its usage is helpful but sometimes it is non. Quotation mark: Political rightness gets in the manner of truth and solution. Curate Paul Bennett, 2010. Legislation is over managed and there is a inclination for direction to go a albatross around administrations. He believes that it is frequently a reactionist procedure. Effectss of alteration on leading When covering with alteration in his leading function Pastor Paul mentioned the followers: We need to be solutions non hinderances or victims. There is a demand to be progressive. What does it look like? What will the alteration really do, seek visualizing the alterations it will intend. He does non wish some alterations but it does non bug him and he does non believe he tends to be reactionist in response. Changes are dealt with better due to the leading manner he has adopted but he believes if it ai nt broke make nt repair it but if you are making something that is non utile that is working allow us repair it . An illustration of this last statement would be the Missions Board that was in pattern when he took over his function as Senior Pastor. Although the church was involved in missions the fold had no apprehension of what it was. The existent mission work was successful because it was non understood. The missions board was disbanded and another set up in due class with the folds more straight involved. Serrat ( 2009 ) believes that leading is hard as it must center on the challenge of alteration . Transformational alteration does non come easy ; there are many issues that are value-laden that have to be considered. These issues include truenesss and struggles. Exerting leading is about adaptative alteration being encouraged as opposed to proficient alteration that is addressed on a day-to-day footing. A consequence of this type of alteration can be stress or instability while the version is in advancement. Abraham Lincoln made a celebrated address on 19 November 1863 known as the Gettysburg Address. His concluding words as he dedicated the battleground as a national graveyard are still impacting today as a definition for the kernel of democracy by many. aˆÂ ¦government of the people, by the people, for the people . Abraham Lincoln, 1863, Gettysburg Address. This is a similar construct to the ACTS Movement with their linking people, associating churches, associating states belief. Therefore it is logical to put them in this class of servant leading. In fact, in the motions ain belief this is where they see themselves ( Serrat, 2009 ) . Servant leading is frequently linked with distributed leading which is an attack that views taking as a societal contract. The accent moves from making leaders to developing leaderful administrations. The construct envelops way giving, a less formal leading, handling taking as an activity that is shared by more than one leader and fostering the growing of leading abilities in others ( Serrat, 2009 ) . There are surely elements of this within the SouthLife Church when the disposal within the church is looked at. There is an Executive Curate who deals with the majority of the finance. An administrator trades with a assortment of undertakings which includes bulk mail and travel agreements. There is a portion clip receptionist who does typing but besides helps out in multiple countries when needed. There are in entire, four full clip staff, five portion clip, four voluntaries and five housemans. The encouragement the squad is given can surely be seen as distributed leading as they are frequently given duties that stretch their abilities. Without a societal contract this growing would non be possible. Challenges in leading The challenges Pastor Paul faces in his function are dissatisfactory people, excessively much administrative work, countries that may impact others in a large manner and at times conflict. Before traveling into a state of affairs affecting struggle he will seek and visualize the result so he can outdo make up ones mind how to manage the issue. Additional Thoughts on Leadership Curate Paul believes there are people born to take and people that are non. If you know you are non a natural leader make non travel at that place nevertheless if you know you are put everything you have into it. He stresses that it must be remembered that there are degrees of leading and that his belief in no manner reflects on those in in-between direction. This belief of leading is reflected on a personal degree every bit good with the remark being made that you have to be a leader of your ain life and you need to pull off yourself good. When asked what leading means to him, Pastor Paul said that it is the difference between life and decease, in the instance of the church if it is non lead well it will decease. He added that a batch of churches are non led good and have dropped off and that sometimes systems do nt let leading. Other manners of leading Modern twenty-four hours analysis has created multiple classs of leading manners. Many features cross over doing it difficult to nail a unequivocal remarkable manner. Larue ( 2004 ) believes few leaders use one manner. In the church environment statistics show more than half of curates consider shepherding and span edifice to their leading manners when given a list to choose from. It is this writers belief that although they can be considered manners in their ain right they both come under the covering of servant leading. A inclination illustrated by a figure of cross-cultural surveies show a stronger fond regard by leftists to their administrations. On probe thefreedictionary.com web site defined Bolshevism as a way that characterizes the thought of a group or state. Interpersonal relationships take precedence over occupation cognition and accomplishments. In contrast people in individualistic civilizations look to satisfying their ain ego involvement as the drive force. Transactional leadings tend to fulfill this outlook as it focuses on short term ends intending speedy satisfaction ( Jung A ; Avolio, 1999 ) . Karlene Kerfoot ( 2007 ) believes that when a groups societal values are non considered a leader can sabotgge their effectivity. The first measure in assisting move public presentation to a higher degree is being able to place the groups societal individuality. The best work is accomplished by those making precisely that every bit good as edifice on a shared vision.

Old Hottabych Review Essay Example

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Old Hottabych Review Essay Example Old Hottabych Review Paper Essay on Old Hottabych % D0% A1% 20% 22% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B8% D0% B5% D0% B9% 22 % 20% D1% 82% D1% 83% D1% 82% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% BA% 20% D1% 80% D0% B0% D0% B7% 20% D0% B2% D1 % 81% D1% 91% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8F% D0% B4% D0% BA% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% 20 % D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BC% D0% B0% D1% 80% D0% BA% D0% B0% 20% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% B4% D0% B0% D1% 82 % D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D0% B0% 20% D0% B2% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 81% D0 % BB% D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8% D0% B8% 2C% 20% D1% 87% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% 22 % D0% BE% D0% BD% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% B1% D0% B5% D0% B6% D0% B0% D0% BB% 20 % D0% B2% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 8F% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% BB % D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% B8% D0% B8% 2C% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B5% 20 % D0% B1% D1% 8B% D0% BB% D0% BE% 20% D0% B2% D1% 81% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% B1% D1% 89% D0% B8% D0% BC % 22% 20% D0% BC% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% BA% D0% B0% D0% B6% D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 81% D1% 8F% 20% D0 % B8% D0% B7% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 88% D0% BD% D0% B5% D0% B9.% 20% D0% 95% D1% 81% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20% D0% B4% D0% B2% D0% B0% 20% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D1% 82% D0% B0% 2C% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80 % D1% 8B% D0% B5% 20% D0% BC% D0% BE% D0% B3% D1% 83% D1% 82% 20% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D1% 82% D1% 8C% 20 % D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BD% D1% 8F% D1% 82% D0% BD% D1% 8B% 20% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0 % B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BC% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 83% 20% D1% 87% D0% B8% D1 % 82% D0% B0% D1% 82% D0% B5% D0% BB% D1% 8E.% 20% D0% AD% D1% 82% D0% BE% 20% D0% B8% D1% 81% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B5% 20% D1% 83% D0% B1% D0% B5% D0% B6% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BB% D1% 8E% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% B9% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D1% 8D% D0% BF% D0% BE% D1% 85% D0% B8% 20% D0% B8% 20% 22% D1% 8D% D0% B7% D0% BE% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B2% 20% D1% 8F% D0% B7% D1% 8B% D0% BA% 22% 2C% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D1% 8B% D0% B9% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% BC% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% 20% D1% 82% D0% B5% 2C% 20% D0% B4% D0% BB% D1% 8F% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BE% D0% BD% 20% D0% B1% D1% 8B% D0% BB% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0% B4% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BD% D0% B0% D1% 87% D0% B5% D0% BD.% 20% D0% 92% 20% D1% 8D% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% B9% 20% D0% BA% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0 % B3% D0% B5% 20% D0% B1% D0% BE% D0% BB% D1% 8C% D1% 88% D0% B5% 20% D1% 81% D0% B0% D1% 80% D0% BA % D0% B0% D0% B7% D0% BC% D0% B0% 2 0% D0% B8% 20% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 82% D0% B8% D0% BA% D0% B8% 20% D1% 81% D1% 83% D1% 89% D0% B5% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B2% D1% 83% D1% 8E% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% B3% D0% BE% 20% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0% B6% D0% B5% D0% BD% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 20% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 89% D0% B5% D0% B9% 2C% 20% D 1% 87% D0% B5% D0% BC% 20% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BE% D0% B1% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE% D1% 82. % 20% D0% 9A% 20% D1% 82% D0% BE% D0% BC% D1% 83% 20% D0% B6% D0% B5% 20% D0% B2% D1% 80% D0% B5% D0 % B4% D0% BD% D0% B0% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% 20% 22% D0% B8% D0% B4% D0% B5% D0% BE% D0% BB% D0% BE% D0 % B3% D0% B8% D1% 8F% 22% 2C% 20% D0% B0% 20% D0% B5% D1% 91% 20% D0% BF% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% BF% D0 % B0% D0% B3% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B4% D0% B0% 2C% 20% D0% BA% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BE% D1% 80% D0% BE % D0% B9% 20% D1% 82% D1% 83% D1% 82% 20% D0% B8% 20% D0% BD% D0% B5% D1% 82. 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Broadsheet newspaper on the same day Essays

Broadsheet newspaper on the same day Essays Broadsheet newspaper on the same day Essay Broadsheet newspaper on the same day Essay Comparison of the front page of a tabloid newspaper and the front page of a broadsheet newspaper on the same day. The following piece of work will reflect the differences between a broadsheet newspaper (The Independent) and a tabloid newspaper (The Mail). It will comment on the variations in the way the two newspapers present the Headline, photographs, layout, journalistic styles fact and opinion and the angle of the report. Newspapers have been in circulation a long time, this year being the newspapers 300th anniversary. The Daily Courant was the very first newspaper, printed in 1702, and is still in print today; even though The Stanford Mercury claims it was first printed in 1695. For some years now there has been growing fears that the television, and the Internet will end the spell on newspapers, but in 1999 there was still ten British morning newspapers; between them selling over 13,000,000 copies a day. Newspapers first started with the coffee house society. Upper class citizens would meet in the coffee houses and want to be seen reading the daily news. National papers are usually divided into two categories, Tabloid (or popular press) of which there five. The two most popular are The Sun and The Mirror, between them selling six million copies a day. These are often called the red tops, because of their red mastheads. They include news, but also gossip about celebrities, pictures and shorter articles. Their readership, unlike broadsheet newspapers, is generally the working class public. The Daily Mail and The Express are both called the middle market, they sell over 3 million copies a day, and contain a balance of news, photographs and features. The five qualities (or main broadsheets) are the Daily Telegraph the Times, The Gardian, The Independent and The Financial Times. In these papers there is a lot more news covering political foreign issues, which tabloids sometimes neglect. These newspapers have a more high brow readership. The Broadsheets arent as popular as the tabloids, but all-in-all news papers are still a crucial way of obtaining the news. September the 11th is synonymous with terror, destruction, death, despair, hatred and pain but also with courage, determination, freedom and love. The first anniversary of September 11th provided the Broadsheets and Tabloids with a golden opportunity to focus on the human interest aspects of the tragedy. The news value of September 11th is unquantifiable, as it marks that day never to be forgotten in history. So every newspaper will be competing for the readership on this day, as it strikes a close relationships with the reader which would have affected them in one-way or another. The headline for The Independent is simply September 11 in big, bold, clear, black font. This headline is simplistic yet in the readers mind it conjures up a personal response of what was happening this time last year. The journalist avoids use of puns, alliteration and emotive techniques but it still highly effective. The headline for the Daily Mail is WHERE THE HELL IS HE NOW? With a subtitle: Armageddon a year on. But as the west prepares for war, the question remains.. . This headline is much bigger in font size than the Independents and is underlined. It is also in big, bold capital letters, which is extremely eye catching and uses a rhetorical question to personalise it to the reader. It also uses sensationalism as the west arent actually preparing for war its there to grab your attention. The headline is in white font on top of a black background which makes it somehow gloomy, on the other hand the picture for the Independent is of the New York skyline a year after the terrorist attacks. It is directly under the headline and the skyline is beautiful, clear and calm yet without the two magnificent twin towers. This picture is highly emotive, and by far the most effective of the two pictures, as it is such a contrast of the skyline a year ago as the dominant familiar feature is missing, the sky is also impossibly blue making you wonder will history tragically repeat itself a year on. The Daily Mails picture is a large, close up picture of Osma Bin Laden, the man behind the terrorists attacks. This picture dominates the whole front page and links up with the headline. Both the Mail and the Independent have avoided showing pictures of the plane flying into the towers, and have instead gone with a more emotive approach of making the reader conjure up those images. The photograph of the skyline in the Independent is in full colour and is dislocated from the masthead. In the Mail the front page is given to the picture and the choice of colours are red, black and white, which are all very bold colours and stand out well. As the whole front page is given to the picture in the Mail it has no room for a article unlike the Independent. The article begins with the five Ws (who, what, where, why and when) which are used in journalism in order to quickly inform a reader of the gist of the article and to gain interest. When four hijacked aircraft swept from an impossibly blue sky to kill 3,000 people and transform America today. This statement contains descriptive writing enticing the reader. Like most broadsheets newspaper newspapers, the facts and opinions provided in the Independent are very much impartial. It contains mostly facts with very little opinion, and provides the story, with the only opinions contained in quotes used in this article, nothing is left out as to influence the readers opinion on the story. As a result, it is less sensational and more factual. The Independent, being a broadsheet, has very little emotive language exploited by its journalists, and is almost a neutral source of information, like wise The Mail has no by-line, as it has no article, caption, advert, columns, index or blurb, whilst the independent has all of these things- but you must take into consideration the size difference between a broadsheet and a tabloid. The broadsheet still gives the majority of the front page to the lead story, although it can still afford to have a support story about Parliament to be recalled after Blair bows to pressure for debate, because of its sheer size. The overall layout of the Independent article is simplistic, the print size is small, but normal for newspapers and even the headline uses a relatively small font. It is set out in columns and isnt as eye catching and the Mails huge headline and picture. It is obvious, from comparison of the two newspapers and the different way in which they deliver the news, that the Mail and the Independent are worlds apart. As the tabloid newspapers are selling millions more copies than the broadsheets I wonder do people, on the whole, want facts and figures that the broadsheets provide, or do they want gossip, opinion and bias? Do they want to be shocked and entertained, which is what the tabloids aim to do. I think the answer to that question is to be found in the sales figures.

The Prison System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Prison System - Essay Example Likewise, State and federal prison authorities had jurisdiction over 1,613,740 prisoners at yearend 2009: 1,405,622 under state jurisdiction and 208,118 under federal jurisdiction. These surveys were conducted by the BJS to determine the total correctional population of the penitentiaries in the U.S. This includes all persons incarcerated, either in prison or jail, or supervised in the community either on probation or parole. Several different data collections are applied to calculate approximately this population, including the National Prisoner Statistics Program, Annual Survey of Jails, Annual Probation Survey and Annual Parole Survey. The basic count of the correctional population is updated annually in the Correctional Populations in the United States series. Established as possessing the biggest correctional system in the world the United States of America has a hierarchy of correctional centers. The United States justice system consists of governmental mechanism for adjudicati ng and processing those who are accused and convicted of numerous crimes. These crimes range from blue-collar crimes up to murder. According to Steve Schoenherr from the University of San Diego, the Walnut Street Jail in Philadelphia was recognized as the first penitentiary in America in 1770. Around the 17th to date, the American prison system has completely changed, keeping but a few of the constant principles. Gil (2009) explained that the purpose of the American prison system serves as a last and in most cases immediate resort to secure society from those who have committed minor to major crimes. Regardless if the effect of a person's criminal act is immediate or indirect to society people are still subject to the punishment of the law of this country. The prison system of the United States has clearly changed from its first debut in the late 1700's. The mission of the prison system in the United States then was to keep society safe from those who were found guilty of crimes in a court of law by confining them in full control of the government. Whether state or federal agencies have control of the accused the principles remain the same. State and federal agencies are charged with keeping the accused in confinement until the judicial system deems necessary according for the seriousness of the crime. The impact of the great penitentiary rivalry on our current prison system includes two systems, he Pennsylvania System and the Auburn System (Gil, 2009). The Pennsylvania System was supported by the notion of keeping all who were committed to prison behind bars and separated from all other prisoners. Silence and continuous lock down was the theme within this idea. The environment was completely introverted, cold and tough for a person to outlive. This system was allowed or many years later proved not to be effective. The Auburn System was considered less expensive it believed in the use of labor which would self sustain all of the facilities as well as the priso n population. These systems were later proven noneffective forms of punishment. Today, our government as well as society seeks ways to rehabilitate offenders (Gil, 2009). Consequently, the emergence of the private sector in imprisonment has been the product of several factors. The demand for prisons and jails has been growing as a result of tougher sentencing laws and the war on drugs (Viano, n.d.). Given the major costs of this